The Turkish Statistical Institute has published a review on the External Trade Statistics by Enterprise Characteristics in 2018 and concluded that in the year, 19.7% of total exports were made by micro enterprises with 1-9 employees. In export, the share of small enterprises (10-49 employees) was 19.2%, medium-sized enterprises (50-249 employees) was 16.5% and the share of large enterprises (250+ employees) was 44.6%.

The rate of micro enterprises (1-9 employees) was 8.6%, small enterprises (10-49 employees) was 11.1%, medium-sized enterprises (50-249 employees) was 16.4% and large enterprises (250+ employees) was 64% in total imports.

In 2018, 57.5% of exports and 56.5% of imports were made by enterprises with activity in the industry sector. Enterprises, whose main activity is trade, performed 38.9% of exports and 31.6% of imports.

Large enterprises were responsible for 69.3% of industry sector's exports. Small and medium enterprises performed 91.4% of trade sector's exports. For imports, large enterprises took the first place in industry sector with the rate of 80% and small and medium enterprises took the first place in trade sector with the rate of 68.7%.

Enterprises in industry sector exported mostly to the EU 28 with the rate of 54.4%, then Near and Middle Eastern with the rate of 14.1% in 2018. 62.6% of exports to the EU 28 performed by industry sector and 35.5% of exports to the EU 28 performed by trade sector.

Enterprises in industrial activities, imported from the EU 28 with the rate of 38.6%, from Other Asian Countries with the rate of 21.4% and from Other European Countries with the rate of 12.8%. The top partner zone for trader enterprises imports was the EU 28 by 35.3%. The EU 28 was followed by Other Asian with the rate of 31% and Other European Countries with the rate of 11.8%.

Enterprises in industry sector performed 59.1% of manufactured products exports and trade enterprises performed 37.9% of it. Industrial enterprises exported industrial products as a rate of 96.6% and 1.7% agriculture, forestry and fishing products.

Industrial enterprises performed 54.5% of manufactured products imports and trade enterprises performed 36.6% of it and enterprises in other sectors performed 9% of it. Industrial enterprises imported industrial products as a rate of 76.4% and 4.6% mining products and 4.3% agriculture, forestry and fishing products.

The same report underlines that the top 100 enterprises performed 44.6% of exports and 57.4% of imports in 2018. Narrowing it to the top 5 enterprises they represented 16.9% of exports and 22.3% of imports.

While 44.3% of enterprises exported to 1 partner country, 16.5% of enterprises exported to 2 partner countries. 4.5% of enterprises exported to 20 or more partner countries and performed 62.3% of the exports.

In 2018, 50.3% of total enterprises imported from 1 partner country, 15.6% of enterprises imported from 2 partner countries. The proportion of enterprises which imported from 20 or more partner countries was 2.2% and these enterprises had a share of 56.6% in total imports.